Masthoplasty techniques in the surgical treatment of malignant breast tumors

Abstract

Introduction: Breast cancer in Cuba is the first cause of death by neoplasia in Cuban women and mastectomy is the most frequent therapeutic procedure despite the known advantages of mastoplastic surgical techniques. Objective: To describe the results of mammary oncoplasty by mastoplasty techniques in women with breast malignant tumors. Methods: A multicenter, observational, descriptive, prospective longitudinal study was carried out that included patients who attended the Mastology outpatient clinic of the Dr Salvador Allende Clinical-Surgical Teaching Hospital and the Dr Miguel Enríquez University Hospital in the period between January 2015 to May 2022. 157 women with tumor stage I-lla, T1, T2<2.5 cm with N0 or N1, M0, and with an adequate breast-tumor ratio were included. Results: The mean age was 44 years with a predominance of infiltrating ductal carcinoma (65.6%). The most frequently used technique was the inferior pedicle technique (63.1%) and 48 complications occurred in 35 patients, with seroma, hematoma and partial dehiscence of the wound being the most frequent. In 98.7% of the cases the results were classified as good, largely due to the high degree of patient satisfaction. Conclusions The surgical procedure of breast onocoplasty by conservative techniques allows safe tumor excision with good aesthetic results.